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Maternal-Fetal medicine is a field of medicine that focuses on maternal and fetal health during pregnancy and beyond that. Maternal-fetal is also known as perinatology, and physicians who specialise in maternal-fetal medicine usually act as consultants for low-risk pregnancies and leading physicians for high-risk pregnancies.

Maternal-Fetal Medicine

High-risk pregnancies are an essential component when giving a proper introduction to maternal-fetal medicine or perinatology. They are essentially formulated to reduce the risk factors faced by high-risk pregnancies. Physicians specialising in maternal-fetal medicine are increasingly in demand due to the significant rise of the average age of pregnancy in the last three decades.

Maternal-fetal medicine specialists usually have a specialisation in obstetrics and gynaecology, and they typically tackle prenatal tests and perform surgeries on the mothers with pre-existing conditions that turn their pregnancies into high-risk ones.

Knowledge of the conditions that turn normal pregnancies and their effective solutions is a must- have knowledge for maternal-fetal medicine specialists. So, here we are listing out common conditions in high-risk pregnancies along with the treatment and intervention options.

High-risk pregnancies and common conditions

Any pregnancy with a higher risk of experiencing complications is effectively classified as a high-risk pregnancy. Although the level of risk will determine whether it is a low-risk pregnancy or high-risk pregnancy and the level of treatment required. The following are common conditions that turn a normal pregnancy into a high-risk pregnancy.

• Pre-existing health conditions: The existence of physical and mental health conditions like diseases, physical conditions, and mental illness increases the risk of pregnancy severalfold.
• Health conditions arise due to pregnancy: Some risk factors only occur or are discovered during pregnancy, which in turn increases the risk of pregnancy.
• Lifestyle factors: Some lifestyle choices and habits, like smoking, alcoholism, and more, could also increase the risk of pregnancy.

These factors are merely the foundation of factors that induce high-risk pregnancy. Which consists of multitudes of pathways based on the nature of disease and the unique traits evoked by such diseases. Getting a clear understanding of these factors is a must for a maternal-fetal medicine specialist.

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Authored By: Sanad Beevi